Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Ag-MoS₂/GO Nanocomposites: A Comparative Study with Ag/B-GO and Ag/N-GO Electrodes

Abstract

Developing high-performance electrode materials is crucial for advancing next-generation supercapacitors with enhanced energy storage. In this study, graphene oxide (GO)-based hybrid nanocomposites (Ag/B-GO, Ag/N-GO, and Ag-MoS₂/GO) were synthesised and systematically investigated to evaluate the effects of heteroatom doping and MoS₂ incorporation on their physicochemical and electrochemical properties. The Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of silver nanoparticles, heteroatom dopants, and MoS₂ nanosheets within the GO framework, yielding distinct microstructures and enhanced surface characteristics. Electrochemical performance was assessed in a three-electrode configuration using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Among the materials investigated, the Ag-MoS₂/GO nanocomposite exhibited superior capacitive behaviour, showing a specific capacitance of 320 F/g at 1 A/g current density. This is benefiting from the synergistic interaction between conductive Ag nanoparticles, redox-active MoS₂, and the highly conductive GO network. The composite demonstrated enhanced charge-transfer kinetics, improved ion diffusion, and a greater electrochemically active surface area compared to Ag/B-GO and Ag/N-GO electrodes. The comparative study highlights the critical role of integrating transition metal dichalcogenides to promote pseudocapacitive charge storage and improve overall electrochemical performance. These findings establish Ag-MoS₂/GO as a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor applications.

Keywords: Ag/MoS2-rGO; Cathode materials; Supercapacitors