Lanthanide Oxide-Engineered CuO Nanomaterials for Superior Supercapacitive Storage Performance
Ibrahim Boudene(1); Mustapha Beraich(2)(3); Rida Allah Belakhmima(1); Mohamed Ebn Touhami(1); Abdelkader Zarrouk(4)
(1) Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco. (2) Laboratory of Materials, Energy and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad, University, Marrakech, Morocco. (3) Laboratory of Applied Sciences for Sustainable Development, Higher School of Technology of El Kelaa Des Sraghna, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco. (4) Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy Modelling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, CERNE2D, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Abstract
Transition metal oxide (TMO) nanomaterials have recently emerged as promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitors, owing to their excellent redox activity and high theoretical capacitance. However, their practical energy storage efficiency remains significantly below theoretical limits due to intrinsic material limitations. In this study, we report a breakthrough in supercapacitor performance through rare earth compounds (Lanthanides) engineering of TMOs. By precisely doping CuO with CeO2 via ultrasonic spray deposition technique, we achieve unprecedented supercapaitive performance, overcoming the intrinsic limitations of pristine CuO. Phase, structural and optical characterizations via XRD, Raman, and UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed the successful formation of both pristine CuO and CeO2-doped CuO nanocrystals. SEM imaging revealed the formation of spherical-shaped nanoparticles, with a marked reduction in CuO particle size upon CeO2 doping. Quantitative electrochemical tests demonstrate an impressive performance enhancement of the CeO2-doped CuO electrode. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) at 100 mV s⁻¹ shows a ten-fold increase in storage capacitance compared to pristine CuO, indicating a dramatic improvement in charge storage kinetics. Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) measurements confirm this enhancement, with the doped material exhibiting more pronounced pseudeucapacitive characteristics. Long-term cycling stability tests further showed that the CeO2-doped CuO electrode maintained over 100 % of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles, with a high coulombic efficiency of 99.4%. Consequently, the remarkable enhanced supercapacitive performance observed in the CeO2-doped CuO electrode underlines the critical role of rare-earth oxides (i.e., Lanthanide Oxides) in boosting the storage capabilities of TMO supercapacitors, validating them as practical solutions for next-generation energy storage technologies.
Keywords: Lanthanide Oxides; Transition metal oxide (TMO) nanomaterials; Supercapacitors